Bangladesh

BANGLADESH

Bangladesh officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh , is a country in South Asia. It shares land borders with India and Mayanmar(Burma). Nepal, Bhutan and China are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it. The country's maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land area. Bangladesh is the world's eighth most populous country. Bangladesh is situated on the eastern side of India. Bangladesh is formed by most part of the British India Bengal state comprises of Indian Bengal and Bangladesh(Former East Pakistan).Bangladesh forms the largest and easternmost part of the Bengal region. Bangladeshis include people from a range of ethnic groups and religions. Bengalis who speak the official Bengali Language, make up 98% of the population.The politically dominant Bengali Muslims make the nation the world's third largest Muslim-majority country. Islam is the official religion of Bangladesh.Most of Bangladesh is covered by the Bengal Delta, the largest delta on Earth. The country has 700 rivers and 8,046 km (5,000 mi) of inland waterways.

Highlands with evergreen forests are found in the northeastern and southeastern regions of the country. Bangladesh has many islands and a coral reef.It is home to the Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest in the world. The country's biodiversity includes a vast array of plant and wildlife, including endangered Bengal tigers, the national animal.It was also a notable center of the global muslin and silk trade. As part of British India, the region was influenced by the Bengali Renaissance  and played an important role in anti colonial movement. The Partition of British India made East Bengal a part of the Dominian of Pakistan; and renamed it as East Pakistan. The region witnessed the Bengali Language Movement in 1952 and the Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971. After independence was achieved, a parliamentary republic  was established. A presidential government was in place between 1975 and 1990, followed by a return to parliamentary democracy. The country continues to face challenges in the areas of poverty,education ,healthcare and corruption. Bangladesh is a middle power and a developing nation, its economy ranks 43th in terms of nominal gross domestic product (GDP) and 29th in terms of purchasing power parity  (PPP). 

 It is a founding member of SAARC, BIMSTEC, the Bangladesh-China-India-Mayanmar Forum for Regional Cooperation and the Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Initiative. It is also a member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Common Wealth Nations, the Indian-ocean Rim Association, the Non Alignment Movement. Bangladesh is one of the largest contributors to United Nations Peacekeeping forces. 

Bangladesh is predominantly rich fertile flat land.The geography of Bangladesh is divided between three regions. Most of the country is dominated by the fertile Ganges-Brahmaputra delta; the northwest and central parts of the country are formed by the Madhupur and the Barind plateaus. The northeast and southeast are home to evergreen hill ranges. The Ganges delta is formed by the confluence of the Ganges (local name padma) , Brahmaputra , and Meghana rivers and their respective tributaries. The Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna, finally flowing into the Bay of Bengal. Bangladesh has 57 trans-boundary rivers, making the resolution of water issues politically complicated, in most cases, as the country is a lower riparian state to India. Most parts of it is less than 12 m (39.4 ft) above sea level, and it is estimated that about 10% of its land would be flooded if the sea level were to rise by 1 m (3.28 ft).^[97] 17% of the country is covered by forests and 12% is covered by hill systems. The country's hoar wetlands are of significance to global environmental science

Bangladesh is home to much of the Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest, covering an area of 6,000 km² in the southwest littoral region. It is divided into three protected sanctuaries–the South, East and West zones. The forest is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The northeastern Sylhet region is home to haor wetlands, which is a unique ecosystem. It also includes tropical and sub tropical coniferous forests , a freshwater swamp forest and mixed deciduous forests.